Opthalmology 51-100 MRQ

A 30-year-old woman presents with bilateral eye discomfort and increased tearing for the past two weeks. She denies trauma, photophobia, or purulent discharge. She works outdoors part of the day and reports no recent infections. Over-the-counter lubricating drops provide only mild relief. On examination, there is conjunctival injection and no evidence of corneal staining.

 

 

A 35-year-old man presents with recurrent episodes of bilateral eye redness and irritation. He reports intermittent tearing and denies trauma, photophobia, or thick discharge. His symptoms tend to recur during certain times of the year. He also reports intermittent nasal congestion. On examination, there is conjunctival injection and no purulent discharge or corneal staining.

 

 

A 35-year-old woman presents with a 3-day history of right eye discomfort, light sensitivity, and blurred vision. She denies recent trauma or use of contact lenses. She also reports intermittent joint stiffness, particularly in the mornings. On examination, her right eye is red with a sluggish pupillary reaction. There is no discharge. Slit-lamp examination shows intraocular inflammation.

 

 

 

 

A 40-year-old man presents with a one-week history of bilateral eye discomfort, blurred vision, and photophobia. He reports no recent trauma or eye procedures. His past medical history includes a chronic autoimmune condition managed with immunosuppressive therapy. On examination, his pupils are sluggishly reactive, and there is evidence of intraocular inflammation. No discharge is present.

 

 

 

 

A 33-year-old man presents with three days of right eye discomfort, blurred vision, and increased sensitivity to light. He denies any discharge, trauma, or foreign body sensation. He has a history of a chronic inflammatory joint condition. On examination, his visual acuity is reduced in the affected eye.

 

 

 

 

A 40-year-old woman with a history of sarcoidosis presents with progressive blurriness, floaters, and occasional eye discomfort. She denies significant pain or photophobia but reports difficulty reading.

 

Which of the following clinical signs are characteristic of this condition? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 38-year-old man presents with eye pain, photophobia, and blurred vision in his right eye for the past five days. He has a history of ankylosing spondylitis. Examination reveals ciliary injection, a constricted pupil, and anterior chamber cells and flare.

 

Which of the following investigations would be most appropriate in a patient with suspected uveitis? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 45-year-old woman presents with gradual vision loss and floaters in her left eye. She has a history of sarcoidosis. Fundoscopy reveals vitritis, choroidal infiltrates, and candle-wax drippings along the retinal vessels.

 

Which of the following investigations are most appropriate in suspected posterior uveitis? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 34-year-old man presents with a red, painful left eye, blurred vision, and photophobia for the past four days. He has a history of ankylosing spondylitis. The picture is given below.

 

Which of the following are appropriate management strategies for anterior uveitis? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 45-year-old woman with sarcoidosis presents with blurred vision and floaters in both eyes. Fundoscopy reveals vitritis, choroidal granulomas, and retinal vasculitis.

 

Which of the following management strategies are appropriate for posterior uveitis? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 37-year-old man with a history of ankylosing spondylitis presents with persistent eye pain, redness, and blurred vision in his right eye. He was diagnosed with anterior uveitis two months ago and was treated with topical corticosteroids and cycloplegics. However, he discontinued treatment prematurely. The picture of the eye is given below.

 

Which of the following are complications of this condition? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 45-year-old woman with sarcoidosis presents with worsening vision and floaters in both eyes. She has been on intermittent corticosteroid therapy for chronic posterior uveitis. Fundoscopy reveals optic disc oedema, macular oedema, and retinal vasculitis.

 

Which of the following complications are associated with chronic posterior uveitis? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 30-year-old man presents with recurrent episodes of anterior uveitis associated with his HLA-B27-positive ankylosing spondylitis. He is concerned about the long-term effects of his condition.

 

Which of the following statements regarding the prognosis of anterior uveitis are correct? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 50-year-old woman with sarcoidosis presents with chronic posterior uveitis and worsening vision in her right eye. She has been on systemic corticosteroids for several months but continues to experience mild inflammation.

 

Which of the following statements regarding the prognosis of posterior uveitis are correct? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 50-year-old woman presents with two weeks of progressive blurred vision and intermittent visual disturbances in her right eye. She describes seeing shadows and flickers of light but denies significant pain, discharge, or eye trauma. Her past medical history includes a chronic inflammatory condition and intermittent shortness of breath. On examination, visual acuity is reduced in the affected eye, with no signs of anterior chamber involvement.

 

 

A 28-year-old man presents with right eye pain, redness, and blurred vision for two days. He denies recent trauma but mentions occasional overnight use of corrective eye devices. He has no history of systemic illness. The picture is given below

 

 

 

 

 

 

A 50-year-old man presents with a three-day history of right eye pain, redness, and blurred vision after sustaining a minor eye injury while working outdoors. He has been using long-term topical treatment for a prior ocular inflammatory condition. Picture of the eye is given below

 

 

 

 

A 29-year-old man presents to the emergency department with severe pain, redness, and blurred vision in his right eye for the past 48 hours. He reports a foreign body sensation and photophobia but denies any significant trauma. He wears contact lenses daily and admits to occasionally sleeping with them.

 

Which of the following clinical signs are most commonly associated with a corneal ulcer? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 55-year-old man presents with a 3-day history of left eye redness, pain, and blurred vision after sustaining minor trauma while working in a rural environment. He initially self-treated with lubricating drops, but his symptoms have worsened. On slit-lamp examination, a large corneal ulcer with indistinct margins is noted, along with anterior chamber inflammation. Intraocular pressure is normal.

 

 

A 32-year-old woman presents with severe eye pain, redness, and blurred vision in her right eye for the past three days. She wears contact lenses and admits to poor hygiene, occasionally rinsing them with tap water. She also reports photophobia and excessive tearing. On examination, her visual acuity in the right eye is 6/24, compared to 6/6 in the left eye. The picture is given below

 

Which of the following investigations are most appropriate for diagnosing and guiding treatment of this corneal ulcer? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 47-year-old farmer presents with worsening eye pain, blurred vision, and redness in his left eye for the past five days. He recalls a minor eye injury with a plant leaf two weeks ago but did not seek medical attention. Despite using over-the-counter lubricating drops, his symptoms have worsened. On examination, visual acuity in the left eye is 6/36. The picture is given below.

 

Which of the following investigations are most appropriate for diagnosing this suspected fungal corneal ulcer? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 30-year-old man presents with severe eye pain, redness, and photophobia in his right eye for the past three days. He wears contact lenses and admits to poor hygiene, often sleeping with his lenses on. His vision has worsened, and he reports a persistent foreign body sensation. On examination, visual acuity in the right eye is 6/24. Slit-lamp examination reveals a central corneal ulcer with dense stromal infiltration, an epithelial defect that stains with fluorescein, and a 1 mm hypopyon. There is ciliary injection, and intraocular pressure is normal.

 

Which of the following management steps are most appropriate for this patient with a bacterial corneal ulcer? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 48-year-old farmer presents with severe eye pain, redness, and decreased vision in his right eye for the past week. He reports a history of minor eye trauma with a plant leaf while working in the fields. Despite using over-the-counter lubricating drops, his symptoms have worsened. On examination, visual acuity in the right eye is 6/60. Slit-lamp examination reveals a large central corneal ulcer with feathery margins, satellite lesions, and endothelial plaques. A hypopyon is present, and intraocular pressure is normal.

 

Which of the following management steps are most appropriate for this suspected fungal corneal ulcer? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 35-year-old man presents with worsening eye pain, redness, and blurred vision in his right eye for the past five days. He wears contact lenses and admits to poor hygiene. He was diagnosed with a bacterial corneal ulcer and started on intensive topical antibiotics two days ago, but his symptoms have not improved. The picture is given below

 

Which of the following are potential complications of this condition. Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 60-year-old farmer presents with severe eye pain, redness, and blurred vision in his left eye for the past ten days. He reports an eye injury with a tree branch while working in the fields two weeks ago. He was initially treated with lubricating drops, but his symptoms worsened. The picture is given below.

 

Which of the following are potential complications of a fungal corneal ulcer? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 32-year-old woman presents with severe pain, redness, and decreased vision in her right eye for the past five days. She wears contact lenses and was diagnosed with a bacterial corneal ulcer. She has been receiving intensive topical antibiotic therapy for 48 hours, but her symptoms have only mildly improved. On examination, the ulcer appears smaller, but there is still stromal infiltration and mild corneal thinning. Her vision in the affected eye is now 6/18 (previously 6/24).

 

Which of the following statements regarding the prognosis of bacterial corneal ulcers are correct? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 55-year-old farmer presents with progressive eye pain, redness, and blurred vision in his right eye over the past two weeks. He had a minor eye injury from a plant while working in the fields. Despite using antibiotic eye drops, his condition worsened.

On examination, a large corneal ulcer with feathery edges, satellite lesions, and hypopyon is noted. The ophthalmologist suspects fungal keratitis and starts topical natamycin and systemic voriconazole.

 

Which of the following statements regarding the prognosis of fungal corneal ulcers are correct? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 65-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with acute right-sided headache, eye discomfort, nausea, and blurred vision that started six hours ago. She describes seeing colored halos around lights and reports that her symptoms worsened while she was in a dim room. She has a history of hypertension and is currently taking a nasal spray. On examination, her right eye is red with a sluggish pupillary response. The picture is given below

 

 

 

 

A 58-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a sudden onset of left eye discomfort, blurry vision, and nausea. She also reports visual disturbances described as colored rings around lights. Her symptoms began shortly after waking up in a dim environment. Her medical history includes farsightedness and seasonal allergies, for which she takes over-the-counter medication. The picture is given below

 

 

 

 

A 62-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset severe right eye pain, headache, nausea, and blurred vision. She reports that the symptoms started a few hours ago while watching television in a dimly lit room. She has a history of hyperopia and hypertension. The picture is given below

 

Which of the following clinical signs are most commonly associated with this condition Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 70-year-old man presents with severe left eye pain, blurred vision, and nausea that started a few hours ago. He has a history of hyperopia and was in a dark room when symptoms began. He denies recent trauma or infections.

 

Which of the following clinical signs are indicative of acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 65-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset severe right eye pain, headache, nausea, and blurred vision that began five hours ago. She reports seeing halos around lights and that her symptoms worsened after sitting in a dimly lit theater.

 

Which of the following investigations are most appropriate in the diagnosis and management of acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 70-year-old man presents with sudden severe left eye pain, headache, and nausea that started while he was reading in a dimly lit room. He reports seeing rainbow-colored halos around lights and has noticed that his vision has become increasingly blurry.

The picture is given below .

 

Which of the following investigations are most useful in evaluating and confirming acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

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A 67-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset severe right eye pain, headache, nausea, and blurred vision that began a few hours ago. She reports seeing halos around lights and states that her symptoms worsened in a dimly lit room. The picture is given below.

 

Which of the following management steps should be initiated immediately for acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 72-year-old man presents with sudden severe left eye pain, headache, and blurred vision that started after reading in dim light. He reports nausea and vomiting. Examination reveals a red eye with a mid-dilated, non-reactive pupil and a hazy cornea. Intraocular pressure is 55 mmHg. The emergency team has administered IV acetazolamide and IV mannitol, and topical beta-blockers have been started. The IOP has decreased to 30 mmHg.

 

Which of the following next steps should be performed in the management of this patient with acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

A 65-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset severe eye pain, headache, nausea, and blurred vision that started six hours ago. Examination reveals a red right eye with a mid-dilated, non-reactive pupil and a hazy cornea. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is 54 mmHg. Despite initial treatment with IV acetazolamide, IV mannitol, and topical beta-blockers, her IOP remains elevated at 40 mmHg after four hours. She reports worsening vision and increasing discomfort.

 

Which of the following complications are most associated with acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

A 70-year-old man with a history of hyperopia presents with sudden-onset left eye pain, headache, and blurred vision. The picture is given below.

 

Which of the following long-term complications can arise from acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

 

 

A 63-year-old woman presents with severe left eye pain, headache, and nausea that began six hours ago. She reports blurred vision and seeing halos around lights. Examination reveals a red eye, a mid-dilated, non-reactive pupil, a hazy cornea, and an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 55 mmHg. Despite emergency treatment with IV acetazolamide, IV mannitol, and topical medications, her IOP remains elevated at 40 mmHg. She is scheduled for a laser peripheral iridotomy.

 

Which of the following prognostic factors are most important in determining the long-term visual outcome of acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

A 70-year-old man with a history of hyperopia presents with sudden-onset severe right eye pain, blurred vision, and nausea. Examination reveals conjunctival injection, a fixed mid-dilated pupil, corneal oedema, and an IOP of 58 mmHg. The patient receives emergency medical therapy, and his IOP decreases to 22 mmHg.

One month later, he returns for follow-up. His IOP remains well controlled after laser peripheral iridotomy, but his visual acuity in the affected eye is reduced to 6/24.

 

Which of the following prognostic outcomes are most associated with acute angle-closure glaucoma? Select five (5) Correct answer.

 

A 68-year-old woman presents with a 6-hour history of right-sided headache, eye discomfort, and visual disturbance. She also reports mild nausea and visual distortion described as colored rings around lights. Symptoms began while she was relaxing in a darkened living room. The picture is given below

 

Which of the following history questions would be most relevant in evaluating a patient with this condition. Select five (5) Correct answers.

 

 

A 72-year-old man presents with a 5-hour history of left-sided headache, eye discomfort, and blurry vision. He also reports mild nausea and recent use of an over-the-counter cold remedy. He denies trauma, recent illness, or similar past symptoms. The picture is given below